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Swapping _______ be done when a process has pending I/O, or has to execute I/O operations only into operating system buffers.a.canb.Must neverc.Maybed.Must

Question

Swapping _______ be done when a process has pending I/O, or has to execute I/O operations only into operating system buffers.

a. can
b. Must never
c. May
d. Must

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Solution

Answer Explanation

The question pertains to the behavior of processes in an operating system regarding I/O operations and swapping.

When addressing the context of process management in operating systems, particularly regarding swapping, we must consider the states of processes. Swapping refers to the process of moving a process from main memory to disk (or vice versa) to manage memory more efficiently.

  1. Pending I/O: If a process has pending I/O operations, it means it is waiting for some input or output to occur. In this state, it is not appropriate to swap the process out of memory because it would disrupt its ongoing tasks.

  2. Executing I/O Operations: When a process is actively executing I/O operations, it is also in a critical state whereby removing it from memory would hinder its ability to perform necessary tasks and lead to potential data loss or inconsistencies.

Given these considerations, the correct answer is:

b. Must never

This means that the swapping of a process should never occur while it is awaiting or executing I/O operations, ensuring the reliability and integrity of process execution within the operating system.

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