The basic structural unit of the nervous system is the , and the basic functional unit of the nervous system is the .

The basic structural unit of the nervous system is the neuron, and the basic functional unit of the nervous system is also the neuron.

Neurons are specialized cells that transmit nerve impulses, forming the primary components of the nervous system. They consist of three main parts: the cell body (soma), dendrites, and axon. The neuron is responsible for both receiving sensory input and transmitting information to other neurons or muscles.

In addition to neurons, there are also supporting cells known as glial cells (or neuroglia), which play crucial roles in maintaining homeostasis, forming myelin, and providing support and protection for neurons. However, neurons remain the fundamental operational units for both the structure and function of the nervous system.