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When an object is at zero acceleration, does it mean that there are no forces acting on it?

Question

When an object is at zero acceleration, does it mean that there are no forces acting on it?

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Solution

When an object is at zero acceleration, it does not necessarily mean that there are no forces acting on it. According to Newton's first law of motion, an object will remain at rest or continue to move at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force.

  1. Concept of Force and Acceleration: An object can have forces acting on it, but if these forces are balanced (the total or net force is zero), then the object will have zero acceleration. This state is referred to as equilibrium.

  2. Static and Dynamic Equilibrium: If the object is at rest and the net force is zero, it is in static equilibrium. Conversely, if the object is moving with a constant velocity, it is in dynamic equilibrium.

  3. Examples: For instance, a book resting on a table experiences the gravitational force downwards and the normal force from the table upwards. These forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, resulting in no net force and thus zero acceleration.

In conclusion, zero acceleration indicates a lack of change in the motion of the object, which can occur even in the presence of multiple forces that are balanced.

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