How many valence electrons does lithium (Li) have available for bonding?

Step 1: Define the Problem

Identify the number of valence electrons in a lithium (Li) atom that are available for bonding.

Step 2: Break Down the Problem

1. Determine the electron configuration of lithium.
2. Identify the valence shell and count the electrons in it.

Step 3: Apply Relevant Concepts

• Lithium has an atomic number of 3, which means it has 3 electrons.
• The electron configuration of lithium is $1s^2 2s^1$.

Step 4: Analysis, Verify and Summarize

• The valence shell is the outermost shell, which is the second shell (2s) in lithium.
• There is 1 electron in the 2s orbital.

Final Answer

Lithium (Li) has 1 valence electron available for bonding.