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a) Arrange the isomeric dichlorobenzene in the increasing order of their boiling point and meltingpoints

Question

a) Arrange the isomeric dichlorobenzene in the increasing order of their boiling point and melting points.

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Solution

The boiling and melting points of isomeric dichlorobenzenes are influenced by their molecular structure, specifically the position of the chlorine atoms on the benzene ring. The three isomers of dichlorobenzene are ortho-dichlorobenzene (o-dichlorobenzene), meta-dichlorobenzene (m-dichlorobenzene), and para-dichlorobenzene (p-dichlorobenzene).

  1. o-Dichlorobenzene: The two chlorine atoms are adjacent to each other. This results in a higher polarity and stronger intermolecular forces, leading to higher boiling and melting points.

  2. m-Dichlorobenzene: The two chlorine atoms are separated by one hydrogen atom. This reduces the polarity and intermolecular forces compared to o-dichlorobenzene, leading to lower boiling and melting points.

  3. p-Dichlorobenzene: The two chlorine atoms are opposite each other on the benzene ring. This results in the lowest polarity and intermolecular forces, leading to the lowest boiling and melting points.

So, the increasing order of boiling and melting points for the isomeric dichlorobenzenes is:

p-Dichlorobenzene < m-Dichlorobenzene < o-Dichlorobenzene

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