Calculate the molarity of a solution of ethanol in water in which mole fraction of ethanol is 0.040

Sure, here are the steps to calculate the molarity of a solution of ethanol in water where the mole fraction of ethanol is 0.040:

1. First, we need to know the definition of molarity. Molarity (M) is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

2. The mole fraction is given as 0.040. This means that out of every 100 moles of the solution, 4 moles are ethanol.

3. We also know that the molar mass of ethanol (C2H5OH) is approximately 46.07 g/mol.

4. Assume we have 1 liter of the solution. According to the mole fraction, we have 0.040 moles of ethanol in this 1 liter.

5. Therefore, the molarity (M) of the ethanol solution is 0.040 moles per liter, or 0.040 M.

Please note that this calculation assumes that the volume of the ethanol and water mixture remains constant when they are mixed, which may not be exactly true in reality due to the properties of the liquids.