When are the codes inside the function executed? Can you identify which is the global variable and the local variable?

1. The codes inside a function are executed when the function is called. A function call is made by using the name of the function followed by parentheses containing any required arguments. For example, if we have a function named my_function, we would call it as my_function().

2. A global variable is a variable that is declared outside of all function definitions in a program. It can be accessed and modified by any function within the program. For example, in the following code, x is a global variable:

x = 10

def my_function():
    print(x)

3. A local variable, on the other hand, is a variable that is declared inside a function. It can only be accessed and modified within that function. For example, in the following code, y is a local variable:

def my_function():
    y = 5
    print(y)

4. To identify whether a variable is global or local, you can look at where it is declared. If it is declared outside of all functions, it is global. If it is declared inside a function, it is local.

5. Additionally, in Python, you can use the global keyword inside a function to declare that a variable is global. If you do this, any changes you make to the variable inside the function will affect the global variable. For example:

x = 10

def my_function():
    global x
    x = 5

my_function()
print(x)  # Outputs: 5

In this example, x is a global variable. Inside my_function, we use the global keyword to declare that we want to use the global x. We then change x to 5. When we print x after calling my_function, it outputs 5, showing that the global x was changed.