Take a syringe. Close the nozzle with a finger as it is shown. Then push the piston. Why is it harder to push the piston inwards?
Question
Take a syringe.
Close the nozzle with a finger as it is shown.
Then push the piston.
Why is it harder to push the piston inwards?
Solution
When you close the nozzle of the syringe with your finger, you are creating a closed system. The syringe is filled with air, and air, like all gases, is compressible.
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Initially, when you start pushing the piston, you are decreasing the volume inside the syringe.
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This decrease in volume causes the air molecules inside the syringe to be closer together, increasing the pressure inside the syringe.
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According to Boyle's law, the pressure and volume of a gas have an inverse relationship when the temperature is held constant. If the volume decreases, the pressure increases.
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So, the more you push the piston, the more you decrease the volume, and the more the pressure inside the syringe increases.
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This increased pressure pushes back against the piston, making it harder for you to push it inwards.
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Therefore, it is harder to push the piston inwards because you are working against the increased pressure of the air inside the syringe.
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