Numerical quantity that takes on different values depending on chance1 pointPopulationIndependent VariableRandom Variable

The term you are looking for is Random Variable.

Explanation:

A random variable is a numerical quantity that can take different values based on the outcomes of a random phenomenon. In probability theory and statistics, random variables are used to quantify the outcomes of random processes. For example, when rolling a die, the number that comes up can be represented by a random variable, which may take any of the values 1 through 6, each with an equal probability of occurring.

In contrast, a Population refers to the entire group from which a sample may be drawn in statistical research, while an Independent Variable is a variable in research that is manipulated to determine its effect on another variable. It is essential to distinguish these concepts, as they play different roles in statistical analysis and experimentation.

Thus, the correct choice among the options given is Random Variable.