Which of the following complexes entities are square planar in shape?[Ni(CN)4]−2(P)[MnCl4](Q)−2[Zn(NH3)4]+2(R)[PdCl4]−2(S)[Ni(NH3)4]+2(T)P, TP, Q, TR, S, TP, S

The square planar shape is a feature of certain molecules and ions. This shape is favored by certain types of metal ions, particularly those in the d8 configuration. This includes ions such as Ni2+, Pd2+, Pt2+, and Au3+.

Let's analyze each complex:

1. [Ni(CN)4]−2(P): This complex has a Ni2+ ion, which is a d8 ion. Therefore, it can form a square planar complex.

2. [MnCl4]−2(Q): This complex has a Mn2+ ion, which is a d5 ion. Therefore, it cannot form a square planar complex and is more likely to be tetrahedral.

3. [Zn(NH3)4]+2(R): This complex has a Zn2+ ion, which is a d10 ion. Therefore, it cannot form a square planar complex and is more likely to be tetrahedral.

4. [PdCl4]−2(S): This complex has a Pd2+ ion, which is a d8 ion. Therefore, it can form a square planar complex.

5. [Ni(NH3)4]+2(T): This complex has a Ni2+ ion, which is a d8 ion. Therefore, it can form a square planar complex.

So, the square planar complexes are P, S, and T.