Explain the variation of Molar conductivity with concentration of electrolyte. Also explain the reason for differentgraph for strong and weak electrolyte.

Molar conductivity refers to the conductance of all the ions produced by one mole of an electrolyte. It varies with the concentration of the electrolyte.

1. Variation of Molar Conductivity with Concentration of Electrolyte: As the concentration of the electrolyte decreases, the molar conductivity increases. This is because as the concentration decreases, the number of ions per unit volume also decreases. This results in a decrease in the number of collisions between the ions, allowing them to move more freely and thus increasing the molar conductivity.

2. Different Graphs for Strong and Weak Electrolytes: The variation of molar conductivity with concentration for strong and weak electrolytes is different.

   • Strong Electrolytes: These are substances that completely dissociate into ions in solution. For strong electrolytes, the molar conductivity increases slowly with the decrease in concentration. This is because strong electrolytes are already fully ionized, even at higher concentrations. The graph of molar conductivity versus the square root of concentration for strong electrolytes is a straight line.

   • Weak Electrolytes: These are substances that partially dissociate into ions in solution. For weak electrolytes, the molar conductivity increases rapidly with the decrease in concentration. This is because weak electrolytes are not fully ionized at higher concentrations, but as the concentration decreases, the degree of ionization increases. The graph of molar conductivity versus the square root of concentration for weak electrolytes is a curve.

The difference in the graphs for strong and weak electrolytes is due to the difference in their degree of ionization at different concentrations.