Is a fundamental atmospheric quantity caused by air moving from high to low pressure, usually due to changes in temperature

Yes, the fundamental atmospheric quantity you are referring to is wind. Wind is generated by differences in atmospheric pressure, which are often caused by variations in temperature. When the sun heats the Earth's surface, some areas warm up more than others—this uneven heating creates regions of high and low pressure. Air naturally moves from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas in an attempt to equalize the pressure differences. This movement of air is what we perceive as wind.

In summary, wind is essentially the movement of air resulting from pressure gradients, which can be influenced by various factors including temperature, terrain, and the Earth's rotation. Understanding wind patterns is crucial for weather forecasting and can help explain many atmospheric phenomena.