What's the difference between afferent and efferent neurons? What are interneurons?

Afferent neurons, efferent neurons, and interneurons are all types of neurons that play distinct roles in the nervous system. Here's a brief explanation of each:

Afferent Neurons

• Function: Afferent neurons, also known as sensory neurons, are responsible for transmitting sensory information from the body's sensory receptors (like those in the skin, eyes, ears, etc.) to the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord.
• Direction of Signal: They carry signals towards the CNS.

Efferent Neurons

• Function: Efferent neurons, also known as motor neurons, carry signals away from the CNS to effectors such as muscles and glands, thereby initiating a response or action.
• Direction of Signal: They transmit signals from the CNS to the peripheral parts of the body.

Interneurons

• Function: Interneurons, also known as relay neurons or association neurons, are found entirely within the CNS. They serve as connectors or messengers between afferent and efferent neurons. They process information received from sensory neurons and send appropriate responses to motor neurons.
• Role: They play a critical role in reflexes, neuronal circuits, and the integration of sensory input and motor output.

These three types of neurons work together to allow the body to respond to stimuli and maintain homeostasis.