Temporary hardness in water is mainly due to the presence of:a.Calcium sulfateb.Calcium chloridec.Calcium bicarbonated.Magnesium bicarbonate

Breaking Down the Problem

1. Identify the sources of temporary hardness in water.
2. Understand the chemical compounds associated with temporary hardness.

Relevant Concepts

Temporary hardness in water primarily arises from the presence of soluble bicarbonate minerals, which can be removed by boiling the water. The key compounds associated with temporary hardness are:

• Calcium bicarbonate $\text{Ca(HCO}_3\text{)}_2$
• Magnesium bicarbonate $\text{Mg(HCO}_3\text{)}_2$

Analysis and Detail

• Calcium Sulfate ($\text{CaSO}_4$): This source contributes to permanent hardness, which cannot be removed by boiling.
• Calcium Chloride ($\text{CaCl}_2$): This also contributes to permanent hardness.
• Calcium Bicarbonate ($\text{Ca(HCO}_3\text{)}_2$): This is a primary contributor to temporary hardness because it decomposes upon boiling releasing $\text{CO}_2$ and forming insoluble calcium carbonate.
• Magnesium Bicarbonate ($\text{Mg(HCO}_3\text{)}_2$): Like calcium bicarbonate, it also contributes to temporary hardness and is similarly removable by boiling.

Verify and Summarize

The correct option that is primarily responsible for temporary hardness in water is indeed calcium bicarbonate, along with magnesium bicarbonate. Both contribute to the hardness that can be reduced by heating.

Final Answer

The main contributors to temporary hardness in water are: c. Calcium bicarbonate and d. Magnesium bicarbonate. However, since only one option is asked, the answer is c. Calcium bicarbonate.