Why is the amount of gas collected in one of the test tubes in Activity1.7 double of the amount collected in the other? Name this gas.

The activity you're referring to is likely a simple water electrolysis experiment. In this experiment, water (H2O) is broken down into its basic components: Hydrogen (H2) and Oxygen (O2) through the process of electrolysis.

Here are the steps to explain why the amount of gas collected in one of the test tubes is double the amount collected in the other:

1. The chemical formula of water is H2O, meaning it consists of two Hydrogen atoms and one Oxygen atom.

2. When electricity is passed through water, it breaks down the water into Hydrogen and Oxygen. This process is known as electrolysis.

3. The ratio of Hydrogen to Oxygen in water is 2:1. This means that for every one part of Oxygen, there are two parts of Hydrogen.

4. Therefore, when water is broken down, twice as much Hydrogen is produced as Oxygen.

5. This is why the amount of gas collected in one of the test tubes (the one collecting Hydrogen) is double the amount collected in the other (the one collecting Oxygen).

So, the gas that is collected in double the amount is Hydrogen.