g) What advantages are there to a language-processing system in which the compiler pro duces assembly language rather than machine language?

There are several advantages to a language-processing system in which the compiler produces assembly language rather than machine language:

1. Readability and Debugging: Assembly language is more human-readable than machine language. It uses symbolic representations for instructions and memory locations, which makes it easier to understand and debug.

2. Portability: Assembly language is more portable than machine language. Machine language is specific to a particular machine architecture, while assembly language can be used across different machines with the help of an assembler.

3. Optimization: Assembly language allows for better optimization. Programmers can write more efficient code by taking advantage of the features of the assembly language.

4. Control: Assembly language provides more control over the system resources. It allows direct manipulation of the hardware, access to special instructions, or addressing modes not available in high-level languages.

5. Learning: Understanding assembly language can provide insight into the workings of the computer architecture and operating system. It can be a valuable learning tool for programmers.

6. Linking: Assembly language can be used to write routines that are linked to programs written in high-level languages. This can be useful for tasks that require direct hardware manipulation or high performance.