Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of starch into maltose in the mouth?

The enzyme responsible for the breakdown of starch into maltose in the mouth is called salivary amylase. This enzyme is produced by the salivary glands and is secreted into the mouth during the process of chewing food. Salivary amylase hydrolyzes the α-1,4 glycosidic bonds in starch, converting it into smaller chains of sugars, primarily maltose, and dextrins. This action begins the carbohydrate digestion process before the food reaches the stomach. The effectiveness of salivary amylase depends on the pH and other factors in the oral cavity, as it works optimally at the slightly alkaline pH of saliva.