Discuss in detail the Breeds of coffee planted in Uganda with the latest references

Uganda is one of the top coffee producing countries in the world, and the crop plays a crucial role in the country's economy. There are three main types of coffee grown in Uganda: Robusta, Arabica, and the hybrid variety, Arabusta.

1. Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora): This is the most common type of coffee grown in Uganda, accounting for about 80% of the total coffee production. Robusta coffee is indigenous to Uganda and grows at relatively low altitudes of 900-1,200 meters above sea level. It is mainly grown in the Lake Victoria Crescent, Western Rift Valley areas, and some parts of the Northern region. Robusta coffee is known for its strong flavor and high caffeine content.

2. Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica): Arabica coffee is grown in the highland areas of Uganda, particularly on the slopes of Mount Elgon in the East and the Rwenzori Mountains in the West. Arabica coffee grows at altitudes of 1,400-2,200 meters above sea level. It is known for its mild and aromatic flavor and has less caffeine compared to Robusta.

3. Arabusta Coffee: This is a hybrid variety that combines the traits of both Arabica and Robusta coffee. It was developed to take advantage of the superior taste of Arabica and the hardiness of Robusta. Arabusta is not as widely grown as the other two varieties.

References:

• UCDA (Uganda Coffee Development Authority). (2020). Coffee Varieties. Retrieved from https://www.ucda.go.ug/coffee-varieties
• ICO (International Coffee Organization). (2020). Coffee Profile: Uganda. Retrieved from https://www.ico.org/prices/country-profiles/UG
• NISR (National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda). (2019). Coffee Annual Report. Retrieved from https://www.statistics.gov.rw/publication/coffee-annual-report-2019
• FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). (2018). Coffee. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/economic/est/est-commodities/coffee/en/