Which of the following laws prohibits discrimination in employment decisions on the basis of race, religion, sex, color, or national origin?

The law that prohibits discrimination in employment decisions on the basis of race, religion, sex, color, or national origin is the Civil Rights Act of 1964, specifically Title VII of this Act.

Here are the steps to understand this:

1. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark piece of legislation in the United States that outlaws major forms of discrimination against racial, ethnic, national and religious minorities, and women.

2. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act specifically addresses employment discrimination. It states that it is unlawful for an employer to fail or refuse to hire or to discharge any individual, or otherwise to discriminate against any individual with respect to his compensation, terms, conditions, or privileges of employment, because of such individual's race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

3. Therefore, any discrimination in employment decisions based on these factors is prohibited under this law.

4. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is the federal agency responsible for enforcing Title VII, along with other anti-discrimination laws. Individuals who believe they have been discriminated against in employment can file a complaint with the EEOC.