Fill in the missing chemical formulae in the tables below.acid conjugate base base conjugate acidNH+4 NH3 HCO−3 H2CO3H2PO−4 HPO42− CO2−3 HCOH3O+ H2O H2O
Question
Fill in the missing chemical formulae in the tables below.
acid | conjugate base | base | conjugate acid |
---|---|---|---|
NH₄⁺ | NH₃ | ||
HCO₃⁻ | H₂CO₃ | ||
H₂PO₄⁻ | HPO₄²⁻ | ||
CO₃²⁻ | HCO₃ | ||
H₃O⁺ | H₂O | H₂O |
Solution
To fill in the missing chemical formulae in the table, we can follow these steps:
1. ### Break Down the Problem
- Identify the missing conjugate base for NH4+.
- Identify the missing conjugate acid for HCO3−.
- Identify the missing base for H2PO4−.
- Identify the missing conjugate acid for CO3^2−.
- Identify the missing base for H3O+.
2. ### Relevant Concepts
- Acid-base theory:
- An acid donates a proton (H+), resulting in its conjugate base.
- A base accepts a proton (H+), resulting in its conjugate acid.
3. ### Analysis and Detail
-
NH4+ (Acid) → Conjugate Base:
- NH4+ loses a proton (H+) to become NH3.
-
HCO3− (Base) → Conjugate Acid:
- HCO3− gains a proton (H+) to become H2CO3.
-
H2PO4− (Acid) → Conjugate Base:
- H2PO4− loses a proton (H+) to become HPO4^2− (already given).
-
CO3^2− (Base) → Conjugate Acid:
- CO3^2− gains a proton (H+) to become HCO3−.
-
H3O+ (Acid) → Conjugate Base:
- H3O+ loses a proton (H+) to become H2O (already given).
4. ### Verify and Summarize
- The values logically follow from the definitions of conjugate acids and bases.
- Now we can summarize the results.
Final Answer
Acid | Conjugate Base | Base | Conjugate Acid |
---|---|---|---|
NH4+ | NH3 | HCO3− | H2CO3 |
H2PO4− | HPO4^2− | CO3^2− | HCO3− |
H3O+ | H2O | - | - |
Note: The entries for the base and conjugate acid corresponding to H2O and H3O+ have been retained, as H2O can also act as an acid/base in other contexts.
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