Fill in the missing chemical formulae in the tables below.acid conjugate base base conjugate acidHCO−3 H2PO−4 HCl I− H2O SO2−4
Question
Fill in the missing chemical formulae in the tables below.
acid | conjugate base | base | conjugate acid |
---|---|---|---|
HCO−3 | H2PO−4 | HCl | |
I− | H2O | SO2−4 |
Solution
To fill in the missing chemical formulae, we will denote the following:
- Acids are proton donors, and their conjugate bases are formed by losing a proton (H⁺).
- Bases are proton acceptors, and their conjugate acids are formed by gaining a proton (H⁺).
Step 1: Identify the missing conjugate base for HCO₃⁻
- HCO₃⁻ (bicarbonate) can lose a proton to form its conjugate base.
- Thus, HCO₃⁻ → H⁺ + CO₃²⁻.
- The conjugate base of HCO₃⁻ is CO₃²⁻.
Step 2: Identify the missing conjugate acid for H₂PO₄⁻
- H₂PO₄⁻ (dihydrogen phosphate) can accept a proton to form its conjugate acid.
- Thus, H₂PO₄⁻ + H⁺ → H₃PO₄.
- The conjugate acid is H₃PO₄.
Step 3: Identify the missing conjugate base for HCl
- HCl (hydrochloric acid) can lose a proton to form its conjugate base.
- Thus, HCl → H⁺ + Cl⁻.
- The conjugate base is Cl⁻ (not I⁻).
Step 4: Identify the missing conjugate acid for H₂O
- H₂O (water) can accept a proton to form its conjugate acid.
- Thus, H₂O + H⁺ → H₃O⁺.
- The conjugate acid is H₃O⁺.
Step 5: Identify the missing conjugate base for SO₄²⁻
- SO₄²⁻ (sulfate) can lose a proton to form its conjugate base.
- Thus, SO₄²⁻ → H⁺ + HSO₄⁻.
- The conjugate base is HSO₄⁻.
Summary of Findings
Now we can compile the findings into the table format.
Acid | Conjugate Base | Base | Conjugate Acid |
---|---|---|---|
HCO₃⁻ | CO₃²⁻ | H₂PO₄⁻ | H₃PO₄ |
HCl | Cl⁻ | I⁻ | H₂O |
H₂O | HSO₄⁻ | SO₄²⁻ | H₃O⁺ |
Putting the information clearly into the table:
Acid | Conjugate Base | Base | Conjugate Acid |
---|---|---|---|
HCO₃⁻ | CO₃²⁻ | H₂PO₄⁻ | H₃PO₄ |
HCl | Cl⁻ | I⁻ | H₃O⁺ |
H₂O | HSO₄⁻ | SO₄²⁻ | H₃O⁺ |
Final Answer
The completed table of chemical formulae is shown above.
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