Match the steps required for "tests of hypotheses" with their corresponding descriptions.

To match the steps required for "tests of hypotheses" with their corresponding descriptions, follow this typical sequence:

1. State the null and alternative hypotheses

   • The null hypothesis (H₀) represents no effect or no difference, while the alternative hypothesis (H₁ or Hₐ) represents what you want to prove.

2. Choose the significance level (α)

   • The significance level is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true, typically set at 0.05 or 0.01.

3. Select the appropriate test statistic

   • Depending on the data type and sample size, choose a suitable statistical test (e.g., t-test, z-test, chi-square test).

4. Compute the test statistic and p-value

   • Calculate the test statistic using the collected data, and determine the p-value to assess the evidence against the null hypothesis.

5. Make a decision about the null hypothesis

   • Compare the p-value to the significance level. If p-value ≤ α, reject the null hypothesis; if p-value > α, do not reject the null hypothesis.

6. State the conclusion

   • Report the findings of the test, including whether the null hypothesis was rejected or not, and interpret the results in the context of the research question.

These steps should guide through the hypothesis testing process, ensuring a systematic approach to statistical analysis.