Draw the complete structures of all nucleotides and short nucleic acid molecules

To provide you with the complete structures of nucleotides and short nucleic acid molecules, here’s a concise explanation of each:

Nucleotides

Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids and consist of three components:

1. A phosphate group
2. A five-carbon sugar (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA)
3. A nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine for DNA, and uracil for RNA)

Complete Structures of Nucleotides

1. Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP):

   • Sugar: Ribose
   • Bases: Adenine
   • Phosphate: Three phosphate groups

2. Deoxyadenosine Triphosphate (dATP):

   • Sugar: Deoxyribose
   • Bases: Adenine
   • Phosphate: Three phosphate groups

3. Cytidine Triphosphate (CTP):

   • Sugar: Ribose
   • Bases: Cytosine
   • Phosphate: Three phosphate groups

4. Deoxycytidine Triphosphate (dCTP):

   • Sugar: Deoxyribose
   • Bases: Cytosine
   • Phosphate: Three phosphate groups

5. Guanosine Triphosphate (GTP):

   • Sugar: Ribose
   • Bases: Guanine
   • Phosphate: Three phosphate groups

6. Deoxyguanosine Triphosphate (dGTP):

   • Sugar: Deoxyribose
   • Bases: Guanine
   • Phosphate: Three phosphate groups

7. Uridine Triphosphate (UTP):

   • Sugar: Ribose
   • Bases: Uracil
   • Phosphate: Three phosphate groups

8. Thymidine Triphosphate (dTTP):

   • Sugar: Deoxyribose
   • Bases: Thymine
   • Phosphate: Three phosphate groups

Short Nucleic Acid Molecules

1. RNA Molecule: A short sequence of RNA might include bases like A, U, C, G linked together; e.g.,

   • 5'-AUGCUC-3' (a short RNA sequence).

2. DNA Molecule: A short DNA sequence could include the bases A, T, C, G; e.g.,

   • 5'-ATCG-3' (a short DNA sequence).

These structures typically represent the basic arrangements found in nature, and their full 3D representations would require molecular modeling software or detailed graphical illustrations to visualize correctly.