Which of the following syndrome differ in terms of chromosomal aberration from the other ones? Turner Syndrome Edward Syndrome Patau Syndrome Down’s Syndrome

1. Break Down the Problem

We need to analyze four syndromes: Turner Syndrome, Edwards Syndrome, Patau Syndrome, and Down's Syndrome, and determine which one differs in terms of chromosomal aberrations.

2. Relevant Concepts

• Turner Syndrome: A chromosomal disorder affecting females, characterized by the absence of one X chromosome (45,X).
• Edwards Syndrome: Also known as trisomy 18, it involves an extra chromosome 18 (47,XX+18 or 47,XY+18).
• Patau Syndrome: Known as trisomy 13, it involves an extra chromosome 13 (47,XX+13 or 47,XY+13).
• Down's Syndrome: Also known as trisomy 21, it involves an extra chromosome 21 (47,XX+21 or 47,XY+21).

3. Analysis and Detail

1. Turner Syndrome has a total of 45 chromosomes due to the absence of one X chromosome, making it a monosomic condition.
2. Edwards Syndrome is a trisomic condition because it has one extra chromosome (18), resulting in 47 chromosomes.
3. Patau Syndrome is similar to Edwards Syndrome, being a trisomic condition with one extra chromosome (13), thus also having 47 chromosomes.
4. Down's Syndrome is also a trisomic condition with an extra chromosome (21), leading to 47 chromosomes as well.

4. Verify and Summarize

Comparing these four syndromes:

• Turner Syndrome (45 chromosomes - monosomy)
• Edwards Syndrome (47 chromosomes - trisomy)
• Patau Syndrome (47 chromosomes - trisomy)
• Down's Syndrome (47 chromosomes - trisomy)

The distinct feature is that Turner Syndrome is the only one that results from a monosomy while the others are due to trisomy.

Final Answer

Turner Syndrome differs in terms of chromosomal aberration from the others as it involves a monosomy (45,X), while Edwards, Patau, and Down's Syndromes involve trisomy (47,XX+18; 47,XX+13; and 47,XX+21 respectively).