The substances present in the glomerular filtrate areamino acidssaltsexcess waterall the above

The correct answer to the question regarding the substances present in the glomerular filtrate is "all the above."

Explanation:

1. Glomerular Filtrate Composition:

   • The glomerular filtrate is a fluid that is formed when blood passes through the glomerulus in the kidneys.
   • It contains a variety of substances, including:
     1. Amino Acids: These are the building blocks of proteins and are typically filtered through from the blood.
     2. Salts: Various electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, are also present in the filtrate and are crucial for maintaining osmotic balance and nerve function.
     3. Excess Water: The kidneys filter excess water from the blood to help regulate hydration and prevent fluid overload in the body.

2. Conclusion:

   • Since glomerular filtrate includes amino acids, salts, and excess water, the option "all the above" encompasses all these components, confirming that all substances listed are indeed found in the glomerular filtrate.

Thus, the final response is "all the above."