Show understanding of the features provided bya Database Management System (DBMS) thataddress the issues of a file based approach

A Database Management System (DBMS) provides several features that address the issues of a file-based approach. Here are some of them:

1. Data Abstraction: DBMS provides an abstract view of the data to insulate application code and users from how the data is structured and stored. This is a significant improvement over file-based systems where you need to specify the data's location and layout.

2. Data Independence: In a DBMS, the database structure is stored separately from the application program. This means that changes to the database structure do not affect the application program, which is not the case in file-based systems.

3. Efficient Data Access: DBMS utilizes a variety of sophisticated techniques to store and retrieve data efficiently. This feature is critical when dealing with large amounts of data, unlike file-based systems, which can be inefficient and slow.

4. Data Integrity and Security: DBMS provides mechanisms to enforce rules that maintain the integrity and security of data. For example, it can enforce access controls to the data and maintain data consistency across the database.

5. Data Consistency: In a DBMS, data is stored in one place and not scattered across multiple files. This ensures data consistency as there is a single, consistent view of the data.

6. Backup and Recovery: DBMS provides backup and recovery subsystems which create an automatic backup of data and restore the database to a correct state in case of failure.

7. Concurrency Control: DBMS allows multiple users to access the database simultaneously without affecting the integrity of the database, unlike file-based systems where concurrent access can lead to data inconsistency.

8. Reduced Data Redundancy: In DBMS, data is stored in a single database, reducing the redundancy and inconsistency of data compared to file-based systems where the same data may be duplicated in several places.

These features make DBMS a more robust, efficient, and reliable system for managing data compared to a file-based approach.