The four glands embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are the glands.

The four glands embedded in the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are the parathyroid glands.

Explanation

The parathyroid glands are small, pea-sized endocrine glands located behind the thyroid gland in the neck. Typically, there are four of these glands, although the number can vary from person to person. Their primary function is to regulate the body's calcium levels. They achieve this by producing parathyroid hormone (PTH), which increases calcium levels in the blood. PTH plays a crucial role in bone health, as it stimulates the release of calcium from bones, increases the absorption of calcium in the intestines, and promotes the kidneys' reabsorption of calcium. Given the significance of calcium in various bodily processes, the parathyroid glands are essential for maintaining homeostasis and overall metabolic balance.