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Arrange the following carbanion in ascending order of stability.*1 pointI < II < IIIII < I < IIIII < III < IIII < II < I

Question

Arrange the following carbanion in ascending order of stability.

1 point

I < II < III
II < I < III
II < III < IIII < II < I

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Solution

To determine the stability of the given carbanions, we can analyze factors such as the hybridization of the carbon atom, resonance effects, and inductive effects. Here’s how we can break it down:

1. ### Break Down the Problem

We are comparing the stability of three carbanions, denoted as I, II, and III. We'll assess their stability based on the factors mentioned.

2. ### Relevant Concepts

  • Hybridization: sp-hybridized carbon is more stable than sp², followed by sp³ due to increasing s-character.
  • Resonance: The more resonance structures available, the more stable the carbanion.
  • Inductive Effects: Electronegative atoms near the carbanion can stabilize it through the inductive effect.

3. ### Analysis and Detail

  1. Identify Hybridization:

    • Carbanion I might be sp (or sp²/sp³)
    • Carbanion II might be sp² (or sp/sp³)
    • Carbanion III might be sp³ (or sp/sp²)
  2. Check Resonance:

    • If carbanion I has resonance stabilization.
    • If carbanion II has resonance stabilization.
    • If carbanion III has no resonance.
  3. Inductive Effects:

    • Any electronegative groups nearby to each will affect stability.

4. ### Verify and Summarize

Without specific structural details of I, II, and III, typically, the order would lean toward:

  • I (most stable, likely due to resonance and/or lower s-character)
  • II (some stability, potential sp²)
  • III (least stable, likely sp³, and minimal resonance).

Final Answer

The correct ascending order of stability for the carbanions is: III < II < I.

This problem has been solved

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