To determine the probability that a mating between two individuals will produce a child with hemophilia, we first need to understand the genetic background of hemophilia.

### 1. ### Break Down the Problem
1. Identify the inheritance pattern of hemophilia (it is typically X-linked recessive).
2. Determine the genotypes of the parents. Usually, males have one X chromosome (XY) and females have two (XX).
3. Classify the possible alleles: X^h (hemophilia) and X^H (normal allele).

### 2. ### Relevant Concepts
- **Genotypes**:
- Males: can either be X^hY (hemophiliac) or X^HY (normal).
- Females: can either be X^HX^H (normal), X^HX^h (carrier), or X^hX^h (hemophiliac).

- **Punnett Square**: This tool can be used to visualize the probability of offspring genotypes when parents' genotypes are known.

### 3. ### Analysis and Detail
Assuming:
- **Case 1**: Father is X^hY (hemophiliac) and Mother is X^HX^H (normal female)
- Offspring probabilities:
- X^h from Father and X^H from Mother → X^hX^H (carrier female)
- Y from Father and X^H from Mother → X^HY (normal male)
- Probability of hemophilia = 0% (no offspring with X^hX^h)

- **Case 2**: Father is X^hY and Mother is X^HX^h (carrier female)
- Offspring probabilities:
- X^h from Father and X^H from Mother → X^hX^H (carrier female)
- X^H from Father and X^h from Mother → X^HX^h (carrier female)
- Y from Father and X^H from Mother → X^HY (normal male)
- Y from Father and X^h from Mother → X^hY (hemophiliac male)
- Probability of hemophilia = 25% (1 out of 4)

- **Case 3**: Father is X^HY (normal male) and Mother is X^HX^h (carrier female), follows the same logic as above.

### 4. ### Verify and Summarize
- Depending on the genotype of the parents, the probabilities change. The most likely cases give either a 0% chance or a 25% chance of a child having hemophilia.

### Final Answer
The probability of producing a child with hemophilia varies:
- 0% if the mother is normal (X^HX^H).
- 25% if the mother is a carrier (X^HX^h) and the father has hemophilia (X^hY).

Question

To determine the probability that a mating between two individuals will produce a child with hemophilia, we first need to understand the genetic background of hemophilia.

### 1. ### Break Down the Problem
1. Identify the inheritance pattern of hemophilia (it is typically X-linked recessive).
2. Determine the genotypes of the parents. Usually, males have one X chromosome (XY) and females have two (XX).
3. Classify the possible alleles: X^h (hemophilia) and X^H (normal allele).

### 2. ### Relevant Concepts
- **Genotypes**:
  - Males: can either be X^hY (hemophiliac) or X^HY (normal).
  - Females: can either be X^HX^H (normal), X^HX^h (carrier), or X^hX^h (hemophiliac).

- **Punnett Square**: This tool can be used to visualize the probability of offspring genotypes when parents' genotypes are known.

### 3. ### Analysis and Detail
Assuming:
- **Case 1**: Father is X^hY (hemophiliac) and Mother is X^HX^H (normal female)
  - Offspring probabilities:
    - X^h from Father and X^H from Mother → X^hX^H (carrier female)
    - Y from Father and X^H from Mother → X^HY (normal male)
  - Probability of hemophilia = 0% (no offspring with X^hX^h)

- **Case 2**: Father is X^hY and Mother is X^HX^h (carrier female)
  - Offspring probabilities:
    - X^h from Father and X^H from Mother → X^hX^H (carrier female)
    - X^H from Father and X^h from Mother → X^HX^h (carrier female)
    - Y from Father and X^H from Mother → X^HY (normal male)
    - Y from Father and X^h from Mother → X^hY (hemophiliac male)
  - Probability of hemophilia = 25% (1 out of 4)

- **Case 3**: Father is X^HY (normal male) and Mother is X^HX^h (carrier female), follows the same logic as above.

### 4. ### Verify and Summarize
- Depending on the genotype of the parents, the probabilities change. The most likely cases give either a 0% chance or a 25% chance of a child having hemophilia.

### Final Answer
The probability of producing a child with hemophilia varies:
- 0% if the mother is normal (X^HX^H).
- 25% if the mother is a carrier (X^HX^h) and the father has hemophilia (X^hY).

Knowee AI · Accepted Answer