Face validity or face value is also called ________________Question 18Answera.content validityb.internal validityc.criterion validityd.external validity

The correct answer is a. content validity.

Explanation:

Face validity, also known as content validity, refers to the extent to which a test or assessment appears to measure what it is supposed to measure, based on a superficial examination. For instance, if a test is designed to assess mathematical skills, the questions should clearly relate to mathematics and seem relevant to those skills.

While face validity is often considered subjective since it relies on the judgment of observers rather than statistical evidence, it plays a significant role in gaining the cooperation and acceptance of test-takers and stakeholders. Unlike internal validity, which examines whether the study's design can trace causation accurately, content validity focuses on ensuring that the instrument encompasses all aspects of the construct being measured. Thus, the correct completion of the statement is "Face validity or face value is also called content validity."