The force pushing against perfect competition over the long run originates withMultiple choice question.businesses.government.consumers.

The force pushing against perfect competition over the long run originates with:

1. Businesses: Businesses may push against perfect competition in the long run because they want to increase their market share and profits. They might do this by differentiating their products, creating barriers to entry, or engaging in non-price competition.

2. Government: The government can also push against perfect competition. This can happen when the government grants monopolies, imposes regulations, or provides subsidies to certain businesses.

3. Consumers: Consumers can push against perfect competition if they develop brand loyalty or prefer products that are differentiated. They might also push against perfect competition if they value convenience over price competition.

So, the force pushing against perfect competition over the long run can originate from businesses, government, and consumers.