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Hypotension triggers what three important processes within the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

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Solution

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is a hormone system within the body that is activated when there is a decrease in blood pressure (hypotension). The three important processes triggered within the RAAS are:

  1. Renin Release: The first step in this process is the release of renin. When blood pressure drops, the kidneys respond by releasing this enzyme. Renin acts on a protein in the blood called angiotensinogen, converting it into angiotensin I.

  2. Conversion to Angiotensin II: Angiotensin I is then converted into angiotensin II by an enzyme called angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is found in the lungs. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor, meaning it narrows the blood vessels and thus helps to increase blood pressure.

  3. Aldosterone Release: Angiotensin II also stimulates the adrenal glands to release a hormone called aldosterone. Aldosterone causes the kidneys to retain sodium and water, which increases the volume of fluid in the body, and therefore, increases blood pressure.

So, in summary, hypotension triggers the release of renin, the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin II, and the release of aldosterone, all of which work together to increase blood pressure.

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