Compare the policies and methods used by Otto von Bismarck and Sardar Vallabhai Patel inunification of Germany and integration of States of India respectively.

Otto von Bismarck and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel were both instrumental in the unification of their respective nations - Germany and India. However, their methods and policies varied greatly due to the different historical and political contexts in which they operated.

1. Approach to Unification:

   • Otto von Bismarck: Bismarck followed a policy of "Blood and Iron" to unify Germany. He believed in the power of war and military strength to achieve his goals. He strategically provoked wars with Denmark, Austria, and France to rally the German states under Prussia's leadership.
   • Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel: Patel, on the other hand, used diplomacy and negotiation to integrate the princely states into the Indian Union. He used a combination of persuasion, negotiation, and sometimes threats to achieve this. His approach was largely peaceful and non-violent.

2. Use of Force:

   • Otto von Bismarck: Bismarck was not hesitant to use force to achieve his goals. The wars he provoked were instrumental in the unification of Germany.
   • Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel: Patel, however, used force as a last resort. His primary tools were diplomacy and negotiation. However, when the Nizam of Hyderabad refused to accede to India, Patel authorized a military operation, known as Operation Polo, to integrate Hyderabad into India.

3. Role of Nationalism:

   • Otto von Bismarck: Bismarck used nationalism as a tool to rally the German states around Prussia. He stoked German nationalism through wars and by promoting the idea of a "Greater Germany" that included all German-speaking peoples.
   • Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel: Patel also used nationalism, but in a different way. He appealed to the princely states' sense of patriotism and their duty towards