Patients with bronchiectasis can have which of the following anatomic alterations?1. Hyperinflation2. Pulmonary embolism3. Consolidation4. Pneumothorax

Patients with bronchiectasis can have the following anatomic alterations:

1. Hyperinflation: This is a common alteration in bronchiectasis. The disease causes the airways to become dilated and scarred, which can lead to air trapping and hyperinflation of the lungs.

2. Pulmonary embolism: While not a direct result of bronchiectasis, patients with this condition may be at a higher risk for developing a pulmonary embolism. This is because bronchiectasis can lead to other conditions such as chronic bronchitis or pneumonia, which can increase the risk of blood clots.

3. Consolidation: This is another possible alteration in patients with bronchiectasis. Consolidation refers to the solidification of portions of lung tissue due to the accumulation of inflammatory cells, pus, and fluid. This can occur in bronchiectasis as the body responds to chronic infection in the airways.

4. Pneumothorax: This is not a common alteration in bronchiectasis. Pneumothorax, or a collapsed lung, typically occurs due to a sudden injury to the lung. While it's possible for a severe coughing fit related to bronchiectasis to cause a pneumothorax, it's not a typical anatomic alteration associated with the disease.