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What type of relationship does a diode exhibit in its current-voltage characteristics?Options :LinearQuadraticExponentialInverse

Question

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Solution

Break Down the Problem

  1. Identify the characteristics of a diode: Understand the current-voltage (I-V) relationship of a diode.
  2. Evaluate the options: Analyze how each option relates to the behavior of a diode.

Relevant Concepts

  • A diode allows current to flow in one direction when a certain threshold voltage (forward voltage) is exceeded and blocks current in the reverse direction.
  • The I-V characteristics of a diode can be described mathematically using the Shockley diode equation:

I=Is(eqVkT1) I = I_s \left( e^{\frac{qV}{kT}} - 1 \right)

where:

  • I I is the current through the diode,
  • Is I_s is the reverse saturation current,
  • q q is the charge of an electron,
  • V V is the voltage across the diode,
  • k k is the Boltzmann constant, and
  • T T is the absolute temperature in Kelvin.

Analysis and Detail

  1. In the forward bias region (when V>0 V > 0 ), the exponential term dominates, leading to an exponential increase in current as voltage increases.
  2. In reverse bias (when V<0 V < 0 ), the current remains very small and is approximately equal to the reverse saturation current, indicating it's nearly zero until breakdown occurs.

Verify and Summarize

Upon evaluating the options:

  • Linear: Would imply a direct proportionality, which does not hold for a diode.
  • Quadratic: Implies a parabolic relationship, which is not accurate for the I-V curve of a diode.
  • Exponential: Accurately describes the rapid increase in current with voltage beyond the threshold level in forward bias.
  • Inverse: This would suggest that current decreases as voltage increases, which is not the behavior of a diode.

Final Answer

The type of relationship that a diode exhibits in its current-voltage characteristics is Exponential.

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