Calculate Oxidation Number of under lined atom in Ammonium Nitrate i.e. NH4NO3Select an answerA– 3B+5C+1D+3

1. Break Down the Problem

We need to find the oxidation number of the underlined atom in ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃). Ammonium nitrate consists of two parts: the ammonium ion (NH₄⁺) and the nitrate ion (NO₃⁻).

2. Relevant Concepts

• The oxidation number of an atom in a compound can be determined using the following rules:
  1. The oxidation number of hydrogen (H) is typically +1.
  2. The oxidation number of oxygen (O) is typically -2.
  3. The sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral compound must equal zero.

3. Analysis and Detail

1. Analyzing the ammonium ion (NH₄⁺):

   • Let the oxidation number of nitrogen (N) in NH₄⁺ be $x$.
   • The equation can be set up as: $x + 4(+1) = +1$
   • Simplifying, we have: $x + 4 = 1 \implies x = 1 - 4 = -3$
   • Thus, the oxidation number of nitrogen in NH₄⁺ is -3.

2. Analyzing the nitrate ion (NO₃⁻):

   • Let the oxidation number of nitrogen (N) in NO₃⁻ be $y$.
   • The equation can be set up as: $y + 3(-2) = -1$
   • Simplifying, we have: $y - 6 = -1 \implies y = -1 + 6 = +5$
   • Thus, the oxidation number of nitrogen in NO₃⁻ is +5.

4. Verify and Summarize

• The oxidation number of the underlined atom in the compound is related to its position in the nitrate ion, which is +5.

Final Answer

The oxidation number of the underlined nitrogen atom in ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃) is B +5.