Explain different input and output functions in c with example (scanf,printf,gets,puts).

Sure, here are some of the most commonly used input and output functions in C:

1. scanf: This is an input function used to read data from the keyboard. It reads the value, converts it into the specified data type and then stores it in the memory.

Example:

int num;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &num);

In this example, scanf reads an integer value from the user and stores it in the variable num.

2. printf: This is an output function used to print data onto the screen. It can print data of different data types including int, char, float, double, string, etc.

Example:

int num = 10;
printf("The number is %d", num);

In this example, printf prints the value of the variable num onto the screen.

3. gets: This is an input function used to read a string from the user. It reads a line from stdin into the buffer pointed to by s until either a terminating newline or EOF.

Example:

char str[50];
printf("Enter a string: ");
gets(str);

In this example, gets reads a string from the user and stores it in the character array str.

4. puts: This is an output function used to print a string onto the screen. It writes a string to stdout up to but not including the null character. A newline character is appended to the output.

Example:

char str[50] = "Hello, World!";
puts(str);

In this example, puts prints the string str onto the screen.

Please note that gets is deprecated due to the risk of buffer overflow. It's recommended to use fgets instead.