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How did Henry Cavendish determine the value of g?2 marksSpring tensionTwisted angle balanceMoon's orbitTorsional force

Question

How did Henry Cavendish determine the value of g?

  • 2 marks
  • Spring tension
  • Twisted angle balance
  • Moon's orbit
  • Torsional force
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Solution

Henry Cavendish determined the value of g, the gravitational constant, through an experiment now known as the Cavendish Experiment. Here are the steps he followed:

  1. Cavendish used a torsion balance, a horizontal bar suspended from a thin wire, with two small lead spheres attached to either end of the bar.

  2. He then placed two larger lead spheres close to the smaller ones. The gravitational attraction between the small and large spheres would cause the bar to twist, twisting the wire.

  3. By measuring the angle of the twist and knowing the properties of the wire, Cavendish was able to determine the force of the gravitational attraction between the spheres.

  4. From this, he could calculate the value of g, the gravitational constant.

Note: The options "Spring tension", "Twisted angle balance", "Moon's orbit" are not directly related to Cavendish's method for determining the value of g.

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